Wearable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Physiological Monitoring Tool for Seals under Anaesthesia
نویسندگان
چکیده
Chemical immobilisation of pinnipeds is a routine procedure in research and veterinary practice. Yet, there are inevitable risks associated with chemical immobilisation, the physiological response to anaesthetic agents remains poorly understood. The current study used wearable continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data from 10 trials prolonged anaesthesia (0.5 1.4 h) induced through ketamine midazolam five grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) involved other procedures. aim this was (1) analyse effect each compound on heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), relative concentration changes oxygenated [?O2Hb] deoxygenated haemoglobin [?HHb] cerebral tissue (2) investigate use NIRS as real-time monitoring tool during immobilisation. Average group responses (n = 27) 11) administrations were modelled using generalised additive mixed models (GAMM) for dependent variable. Following administration, increased remained relatively stable, which indicative apnoea. Periods apnoea confirmed respiratory band data, simultaneously collected drugging trials. Given that SpO2 at 97% apnoea, we hypothesized increasing result venous congestion opposed decreased delivery. Changes rate limited appeared be driven by individual pharmacological actions drug. Future could include simultaneous measures metabolic such change cytochrome-c-oxidase, guide operators determining when should considered if occur beyond limits recorded study. Our findings support pinniped assist veterinarians researchers performing safe
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Remote Sensing
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2315-4632', '2315-4675']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183553